for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products
Adenine - a purine nucleobase that binds with thyamine in DNA and with uracil In RNA.
Adult stem cells - undifferentiated cells found in the human body after the Embryonic stage that replenish dying cells. Unlike embryonic stem cells, Research with adult stem cells does not require the destruction of an embryo. Same as somatic stem cells.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens - mediated transformation is another common technique. Agrobacteria are natural plant parasites, and their natural ability to transfer genes provides another engineering method.
Allele - portions of a DNA sequence that may be expressed in an organism’s Genotype as a specific trait.
Amino acid - a molecule that is a building block of protein and is present in every Living organism.
Antibiotica - a microorganism that is derived from another living microorganism That is intended to kill bacteria.
Antibody - protein produced by the blood that the immune system uses to fight Bacteria and viruses. It also called immunoglobulins.
Antiretroviral - drugs used to treat retroviruses, such as HIV.
Autosome - non-sex chromosome. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes. The Sex chromosomes, a combination of either XX or XY, comprises the 23rd Pair.
Bacillus thuringensis (Bt) - bacteria that kills most pest insects but does not Harm most non-pest insects. The gene that produces Bt has been used in Organic insecticides and has been inserted into genetically engineered corn, Cotton, soy, and other types of seed.
Bacteriophage - virus that infects bacteria. Ubiquitous in all life forms on Earth. Scientists are exploring the use of bacteriophages in light of The Increasing number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Bacterium - type of single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus. Bacteria are Ubiquitous on the planet and in all living objects. Many types of bacteria are Crucial to vital biological processes, while others cause serious diseases.
Conservation - the action of conserving something, in particular. Preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife.
Crop - a cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially a grain, fruit, or vegetable
Cultivars - a plant variety that has been produced in cultivation by selective Breeding
Cloning - propagate (an organism or cell) as a clone
Conservation - the action of conserving something, in particular. Preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife.
Crop - a cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially a grain, fruit, or vegetable
Cultivars - a plant variety that has been produced in cultivation by selective Breeding
DNA isolation - extraction process of DNA from various sources
Ex situ - the conservation and maintenance of samples of living organisms outside their natural habitat, in the form of whole plants, seed,pollen, vegetative propagules, tissue or cell cultures.
Electroporation - One alternative method to the chemical treatment of protoplasts is the application of an electric shock in the presence of a large amount of naked transforming DNA.
Expression : process by which genetic instructions are used to synthesize gene products. These products are usually proteins, which go on to perform essential functions Germplasm - living tissue from which new plants can be grown
Gene - (in informal use) a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
Genetically modified crops - The plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering techniques. In most cases the aim is to introduce a new trait to the plant which does not occur naturally in the species.
Genetic engineering - process of identifying and isolatingDNAfromacellliv es or diesanput it in other living cells
Gene guns (a.k.a. biolistic) - "shoot" (direct high energy particles or radiations against) target genes into plant cells. It is the most common method.
Inheritance - the genetic characters transmitted from parent to offspring, taken
collectively. something, as a quality, characteristic, or other immaterial possession, received from progenitors or predecessors as if by succession
Microinjection - the method which directly injects the gene into the DNA. Pests a destructive insect or other animal that attacks crops, food, livestock, etc
PCR analysis - technique that allows technicians to create millions of precise DNA replications from a single sample of DNA
Silk milk - milk that contained a special silk protein that the company has dubbed
Transgenic plants - plant that have genes inserted into them that are derived from another species
Tissue culture - growth of tissue or cell separate from the organism typically facilitated via use a liquid, semi-solid, or solid growth medium
Transformation - When a cell takes up and expresses a new piece of genetic material—DNA— in order to change the organism’s traits
Yielding Varieties - seeds played vital role in the progress of agriculture.
1953 - DNA structure determined
1869 - DNA isolated
1944 - DNA proved to be the hereditary material
1973 - DNA cloning carried out on bacteria
1966 - Genetic code work out
1967 - DNA ligase discovered
Post a Comment